Zeron 100 / UNS S32760 / EN 1.4501 / DIN X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 / JIS SUS329J2L es un acero inoxidable súper dúplex de alto rendimiento con microestructura bifásica austenita-ferrita (≈50/50), diseñado para los entornos más agresivos: aguas de mar, gas ácido con H₂S y ácidos concentrados. Con un PREN mínimo de 40 y límite elástico ≥ 550 MPa —el doble de los austeníticos de la serie 300— ofrece una combinación única de resistencia mecánica y corrosión que ningún acero inoxidable convencional puede igualar. SHUNFU METAL suministra Zeron 100 / S32760 en barra, forja, chapa y tubo con trazabilidad completa y certificación ISO 9001.

Introducción al Zeron 100 / 1.4501 — súper dúplex con W y Cu

Barra redonda forjada de acero inoxidable Zeron 100 S32760 suministrada por SHUNFU METAL
Barra forjada Zeron 100 / S32760
SHUNFU METAL

Zeron 100 pertenece a la familia de los súper dúplex y fue desarrollado originalmente para bombas y válvulas del Mar del Norte. Su aleación de ~25 % Cr, 7 % Ni, 3,6 % Mo enriquecida con wolframio (0,5–1,0 %) y cobre (0,5–1,0 %) aporta ventajas que no logra el súper dúplex SAF 2507 estándar: mayor resistencia al ácido sulfúrico gracias al cobre, y menor susceptibilidad a la corrosión por erosión en sistemas de agua de mar a alta velocidad por el wolframio. El PREN ≥ 40 garantiza inmunidad a la picadura y a la corrosión en grietas en agua de mar a temperatura ambiente.

En SHUNFU METAL, el Zeron 100 / 1.4501 se produce en horno de arco eléctrico con doble refinado AOD + VOD para garantizar C ≤ 0,030 % y el balance preciso de wolframio y cobre. El tratamiento de solubilización se realiza a 1 100–1 140 °C con temple en agua para asegurar la proporción ferrita-austenita 50/50 y evitar la fase sigma. Cada partida se certifica con EN 10204 3.1 e incluye prueba de impacto Charpy a –46 °C.

Equivalencias internacionales del Zeron 100 / S32760

Tabla 1 — Equivalencias del Zeron 100 en normas internacionales
Norma Designación País / Región Documento de referencia
ASTM / UNS S32760 / Grade F55 EE. UU. ASTM A182 F55 / A240 / A276 / A790
EN / DIN X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 / 1.4501 Europa EN 10088-3, EN 10250-4
JIS SUS329J2L Japón JIS G4304 / G4305
Nombre comercial Zeron® 100 (Rolled Alloys) Internacional
NORSOK MDS D55 Noruega / Sector offshore NORSOK MDS-D55
NACE Conforme MR0175 / ISO 15156 Internacional NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156-3
ASME SA-182 F55 / SA-240 EE. UU. ASME BPVC Section II

Aplicaciones del acero súper dúplex Zeron 100 / S32760

Petróleo y Gas (Oil & Gas)

  • Tuberías subsea y risers
  • Manifolds y árboles de Navidad
  • Válvulas choke y de compuerta
  • Intercambiadores de calor con H₂S
  • Recipientes a presión en zona ácida (sour service)
  • Sistemas de agua contra incendio offshore
Desalinización

  • Tubos de alta presión para OI
  • Carcasas de membrana
  • Evaporadores multietapa MSF
  • Calentadores de salmuera
  • Bombas de alta presión y difusores
Marina y Naval

  • Sistemas de refrigeración con agua de mar
  • Ejes y cuerpos de bomba
  • Ejes de hélice y bocines
  • Estructuras sumergidas de plataformas
  • Filtros y coladores submarinos
Industria Química

  • Reactores para ácido sulfúrico
  • Condensadores y refrigeradores de proceso
  • Tuberías para ácido nítrico concentrado
  • Agitadores y mezcladores
  • Columnas de destilación
Control de Contaminación

  • Absorbedores FGD de gas de combustión
  • Torres de lavado con ácidos
  • Conductos y carcasas de ventiladores
  • Rejillas y soportes internos
Celulosa, Papel y Minería

  • Digestores y blanqueadores con ClO₂
  • Plantas de lejía blanca
  • Equipos de lixiviación ácida
  • Líneas de decapado de acero
  • Bombas de pulpa abrasiva

Suministro Zeron 100 — Dimensiones y formas disponibles en SHUNFU METAL

Tabla 2 — Formas de suministro del Zeron 100 / 1.4501 / S32760
Forma Rango dimensional Condición Norma aplicable
Barra redonda laminada Ø 6 – 160 mm Solubilizada + temple en agua ASTM A276 / EN 10088-3
Barra plana laminada 4 – 80 mm × 15 – 400 mm Solubilizada + temple en agua EN 10088-3
Barra redonda forjada Ø 80 – 800 mm Solubilizada + torneada ASTM A182 F55 / EN 10250-4
Bloque plano forjado Espesor 50 – 600 mm, ancho hasta 1 600 mm Solubilizada + desbastada ASTM A182 F55
Chapa / Placa laminada en caliente 4 – 80 mm × hasta 2 500 mm de ancho Solubilizada + decapada ASTM A240 / EN 10088-2
Tubo sin costura OD 10 – 300 mm, espesor 2 – 40 mm Solubilizada + decapada ASTM A790 / EN 10216-5

Longitudes estándar: 3 000 – 6 000 mm; piezas forjadas a medida según plano. Disponibles bridas y fittings forjados bajo ASTM A182 F55.

Composición química del Zeron 100 / 1.4501 según UNS S32760 y EN 10088

Tabla 3 — Composición química (% en masa) — ASTM A240 / UNS S32760 vs EN 10088-3 / 1.4501
Elemento ASTM A240
(S32760)
EN 10088-3
(1.4501)
Función metalúrgica
C ≤ 0,030 ≤ 0,030 Bajo C → evita precipitación de carburos Cr
Si ≤ 1,00 ≤ 1,00 Desoxidante
Mn ≤ 1,00 ≤ 1,00 Estabilizador austenita
P ≤ 0,035 ≤ 0,035
S ≤ 0,010 ≤ 0,015 Muy bajo S → resistencia a picadura
Cr 24,0 – 26,0 24,0 – 26,0 Capa pasiva Cr₂O₃ → resistencia general
Ni 6,0 – 8,0 6,0 – 8,0 Estabiliza fase austenítica → tenacidad
Mo 3,0 – 4,0 3,0 – 4,0 Resistencia a picadura y crevice en Cl⁻
N 0,20 – 0,30 0,20 – 0,30 Eleva PREN; estabiliza austenita; aumenta Rp
Cu 0,50 – 1,00 0,50 – 1,00 Resistencia a H₂SO₄; mejora pasivación
W 0,50 – 1,00 0,50 – 1,00 Refuerzo capa pasiva; resistencia a erosión-corrosión
PREN * ≥ 40 = %Cr + 3,3×%Mo + 16×%N

Propiedades mecánicas del Zeron 100 — estado solubilizado (1 100–1 140 °C + agua)

Tabla 4 — Propiedades mecánicas a temperatura ambiente según ASTM A240 y EN 10088-3
Propiedad ASTM A240
(S32760)
EN 10088-3
(1.4501)
Resistencia a la tracción Rm ≥ 751 MPa 800 – 1 000 MPa
Límite elástico Rp0,2 ≥ 552 MPa ≥ 550 MPa
Alargamiento A50 ≥ 25 % ≥ 20 %
Dureza HBW ≤ 270 ≤ 230
Resiliencia Charpy V (–46 °C) ≥ 50 J ≥ 50 J
Densidad 7,80 g/cm³
Módulo de elasticidad 200 GPa
Conductividad térmica (20 °C) 15 W/(m·K)
Tratamiento térmico Solubilización 1 100–1 140 °C + temple en agua (obligatorio)
Conformidad NACE MR0175 Sí — apto para servicio sour con H₂S según ISO 15156-3

El Zeron 100 / 1.4501 no es endurecible por precipitación; su alta resistencia proviene de la microestructura dúplex y el endurecimiento por solución sólida del nitrógeno. La solubilización es obligatoria tras cualquier operación de conformado en caliente o soldadura.

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