1.4016 bar

430 / UNS S43000 / EN 1.4016 / DIN X6Cr17 / JIS SUS430 / GOST 12X17 es un acero inoxidable ferrítico de bajo coste con un contenido de cromo del 16–18 %, sin níquel, ampliamente utilizado en electrodomésticos, automoción, arquitectura y equipos de procesamiento de alimentos. SHUNFU METAL suministra esta aleación en múltiples formas y dimensiones con trazabilidad completa y certificación ISO 9001.

Introducción al acero inoxidable 430 / 1.4016

Barra redonda laminada de acero inoxidable 430 suministrada por SHUNFU METAL
Barra redonda laminada 430
SHUNFU METAL

El grado 430 es la referencia más popular de la familia ferrítica. Su estructura cúbica centrada en el cuerpo le confiere propiedades magnéticas, buena resistencia a la oxidación hasta 870 °C en servicio intermitente y una conformabilidad apta para estampado, embutición superficial y doblado. Al no contener níquel, su precio es notablemente inferior al de los grados austeníticos 304 y 316, lo que lo convierte en la elección preferida cuando la relación rendimiento/coste es determinante.

En SHUNFU METAL, cada colada de 430 se fabrica en horno de arco eléctrico con desgasificación en vacío (AOD/VOD), seguida de análisis espectroscópico por chispa en proceso para verificar la composición antes del laminado o forja. El material se entrega con certificado de inspección 3.1 según EN 10204.

Equivalencias internacionales del grado 430

Tabla 1 — Equivalencias del acero inoxidable 430 en normas internacionales
Norma Designación País / Región Documento de referencia
ASTM / UNS 430 / S43000 EE. UU. ASTM A240 / A276
EN / DIN X6Cr17 / 1.4016 Europa EN 10088-2, EN 10088-3
JIS SUS430 Japón JIS G4304 / G4305
GOST 12X17 Rusia / CEI GOST 5632
GB 1Cr17 China GB/T 1220
BS 430S17 Reino Unido BS 970 Part 1
NF (Francia) Z8C17 Francia NF A35-572

Usos del 430 en la industria: componentes y piezas

Electrodomésticos y cocina

  • Puertas y paneles de horno
  • Revestimiento de lavavajillas
  • Carcasas de microondas
  • Frentes de refrigerador
  • Cubetas de lavadora
  • Fregaderos de cocina

Automoción

  • Silenciadores y tubos de escape
  • Escudos térmicos
  • Molduras exteriores e interiores
  • Rejillas decorativas
  • Embellecedores de columna

Arquitectura y construcción

  • Paneles de ascensor
  • Revestimiento de paredes interiores
  • Pasamanos y barandillas
  • Falsos techos
  • Marcos de puertas decorativos

Procesamiento de alimentos

  • Bandejas y recipientes de cocción
  • Superficies de trabajo en cocinas industriales
  • Piezas de maquinaria para baja exposición a cloruros
  • Utensilios de hostelería

Equipos comerciales

  • Carcasas de máquinas expendedoras
  • Paneles de escalera mecánica
  • Cubiertas de maquinaria de oficina
  • Señalización decorativa

Ferretería y componentes

  • Tornillos y elementos de fijación
  • Muelles de precisión
  • Mallas metálicas
  • Piezas mecanizadas de baja carga

Suministro 430 por SHUNFU METAL: formas y dimensiones

SHUNFU METAL produce y exporta el acero inoxidable 430 en las siguientes formas, cubriendo las necesidades de mecanizado, conformado y fabricación estructural:

Tabla 2 — Formas de suministro y rangos dimensionales del 430
Forma Rango dimensional Longitud estándar Tolerancia
Barra redonda laminada Ø 5 – 250 mm 3 000 – 8 000 mm EN 10088-3 / h11
Barra plana laminada Ancho 10 – 200 mm × Esp. 3 – 80 mm 3 000 – 6 000 mm EN 10058
Barra redonda forjada Ø 80 – 800 mm 500 – 6 000 mm EN 10243-1
Pieza plana forjada Ancho 100 – 1 000 mm × Esp. 20 – 300 mm 500 – 4 000 mm EN 10243-1
Chapa / Placa Esp. 1,5 – 80 mm 1 000×2 000 – 2 500×8 000 mm EN 10088-2
Tubo / Perfil DN 6 – 600 mm / Pared 1 – 50 mm hasta 12 000 mm ASTM A268 / EN 10217-7

Corte a medida, mecanizado en desbaste y marcado por electrólisis disponibles. Embalaje en madera fumigada para exportación marítima.

Composición química del acero 430 / S43000 / 1.4016

Tabla 3 — Composición química según ASTM A240 y EN 10088-2 (% en masa, máx. salvo indicación)
Elemento ASTM A240 (S43000) EN 10088-2 (1.4016) JIS G4304 (SUS430) Función
C ≤ 0,12 ≤ 0,08 ≤ 0,12 Dureza; bajo nivel mantiene ductilidad
Si ≤ 1,00 ≤ 1,00 ≤ 0,75 Resistencia a la oxidación
Mn ≤ 1,00 ≤ 1,00 ≤ 1,00 Desoxidación, trabajabilidad en caliente
P ≤ 0,040 ≤ 0,040 ≤ 0,040 Residual; limitar fragilidad
S ≤ 0,030 ≤ 0,015 ≤ 0,030 Maquinabilidad; limitado por ductilidad
Cr 16,0 – 18,0 16,0 – 18,0 16,0 – 18,0 Resistencia a la corrosión y capa pasiva
Ni ≤ 0,75 — — Residual; ausencia reduce coste

En SHUNFU METAL el control analítico se realiza mediante espectrometría de emisión óptica (OES) en cada colada; los resultados se incluyen en el certificado EN 10204 3.1.

Propiedades mecánicas del acero inoxidable S43000 / 1.4016

Tabla 4 — Propiedades mecánicas típicas según ASTM A240 y EN 10088-2 (condición recocido)
Propiedad ASTM A240 (min.) EN 10088-2 (min.) Valor típico Norma de ensayo
Resistencia a la tracción (Rm) 450 MPa 430 – 600 MPa 480 – 550 MPa ASTM E8 / EN ISO 6892-1
Límite elástico (Rp0,2) 205 MPa ≥ 260 MPa 240 – 310 MPa ASTM E8 / EN ISO 6892-1
Alargamiento (A50) ≥ 22 % ≥ 20 % 22 – 30 % ASTM E8 / EN ISO 6892-1
Dureza Brinell (HBW) ≤ 192 HBW ≤ 200 HBW 150 – 185 HBW ASTM E10 / EN ISO 6506
Dureza Rockwell ≤ 89 HRB — 75 – 88 HRB ASTM E18
Módulo de elasticidad (E) — ~200 GPa 200 GPa —

Tratamiento térmico de recocido (condición de suministro habitual):

  • Temperatura: 800 – 900 °C durante 1 – 2 h
  • Enfriamiento: al aire o en agua
  • Objetivo: alivio de tensiones, mejora de la ductilidad y homogeneización de la microestructura ferrítica

SHUNFU METAL puede suministrar material en estado de recocido brillante (BA) para aplicaciones decorativas con mayor reflectividad superficial.

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